Introduction

In recent years, early literacy development has emerged as a focal point in both educational research and practical application. Among the multifaceted aspects of nurturing young readers, fluency stands out as a crucial milestone. Fluency, the ability to read with smoothness, accuracy, and expressive intonation, has traditionally been cultivated in older students. However, a notable shift in perspective has been occurring within educational circles. There is a growing consensus that introducing fluency activities at an earlier age, particularly in primary schools, can yield profound benefits for young readers. We will elucidate the remarkable advantages of engaging in brain-based learning to bolster the focus and confidence of children aged 6-8 in their journey towards becoming skilled and confident readers.

In light of this, the article, it explores a systematic and explicit approach to teaching fluency to children aged 6-8. As researchers emphasize the importance of foundational reading skills, early intervention strategies have become a focal point in ensuring reading success later in life (National Reading Panel, 2000). Consequently, educators are urged to capitalize on the receptive ages of 6-8 to establish a solid foundation in fluency, fostering a lifelong love for reading.

While fluency activities may be introduced even earlier, thefocus on the 6-7 age range aligns with both the developmental stage of these children and the demands of early reading curricula. The intent is to harness their burgeoning cognitive abilities and rapidly expanding vocabulary, leading to enhanced comprehension and engagement with texts (Binks-Cantrell et al., 2012). Moreover, fluency activities at this age can play a pivotal role in enhancing the overall reading experience for young learners.

In the following sections, we will explain a detailed step-by-step approach proposed in the article, highlighting its practicality and effectiveness in guiding teachers and parents through nurturing fluency in 6-8 year-olds. As we delve into this method, it is important to recognize the broader implications it holds for early childhood education and its potential to shape confident, skilled, and enthusiastic readers.

Integrating Brain-Based Learning in Reading Fluency

Engaging in brain-based learning techniques can greatly benefit children aged 6-8, in terms of improving focus and confidence. With reference to fluency reading and the neuroscience of effective learning, We will explain these benefits in light to relevant studies and research.

1. Enhanced Attentionand Focus

Brain-based learning methods, such as incorporating movement or multisensory activities, have been shown to enhance children's attention and focus. According to a study published in the journal "Frontiers in Human Neuroscience" (Wass, 2018), physical activity and sensory experiences activate various regions of the
brain, including those responsible for attention and concentration.

2. Strengthened Neural Connections
Engaging inbrain-based learning activities can help children establish stronger neural connections. According to research conducted by the National Scientific Council on the Developing Child (2007), early childhood experiences significantly
impact the architecture of the developing brain. Activities that challenge the
brain, such as problem-solving and interactive learning, can help children
build a solid foundation for future learning.

3. Increased Self-Confidence
When children experience success and mastery in their learning tasks, it boosts their self-confidence. Brain-based learning often incorporates personalized,
scaffolded approaches that gradually increase the difficulty of tasks, ensuring
that children experience small successes along the way. As suggested by the
American Psychological Association (APA, 2020), confidence in one's abilities
is a crucial factor in overall academic success.

4. Emotional Regulationand Stress Reduction
Brain-based learning techniques that incorporate mindfulness and relaxation exercises can help children regulate their emotions and reduce stress. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP, 2016) emphasizes the importance of teaching children emotional regulation skills as they contribute to improved focus and behavior in the classroom.

5. Long-Term Memory Retention
Brain-based learning approaches often emphasize active engagement and meaningful connections. Studies like the one published in "Trends in Cognitive
Sciences" (Bjork & Bjork, 2014) highlight the benefits of active learning in improving long-term memory retention. When children actively engage with material through hands-on activities and discussions, they are more likely
to remember and apply what they've learned.

6. IncreasedMotivation to Learn
Brain-based learning can make learning more enjoyable for children, thereby increasing their motivation to learn. Research from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) (Gallagher et al., 2003) suggests that incorporating novelty and varied experiences in learning can activate the brain's reward system, making learning intrinsically rewarding.

Step-by-Step Method to Teaching Reading Fluency to Kids

Here's a systematic and explicit approach:

Step 1: Pre-Reading Activities

• Introduce the passage's topic and any unfamiliar words.
• Discuss the purpose of reading fluently: understanding the text and enjoying reading.
  

Step 2: Model Fluent Reading

• Read the passage aloud, demonstrating properpacing, expression, and phrasing.
• Encourage students to listen and follow along asyou read.
  

Step 3: Vocabulary and Comprehension

• Highlight key vocabulary words and discuss their meanings.
• Ask comprehension questions to ensure understanding of the passage's content.
  

Step 4: Repeated Reading

• Have students read the passage silently to themselves to become familiar with the text.
• Then, have them read the passage aloud multiple times, aiming for accuracy.
  

Step 5: Paired Reading

• Pair students up. One student reads while theother listens and provides feedback.
• The listener can offer praise for accuratereading and gently correct any mistakes.
  

Step 6: Chunking and Phrasing

• Teach students to group words into meaningful phrases, which aids in smoother reading.
• Practice reading the passage while emphasizing natural pauses and breaks.
  

Step 7: Expression and Tone

• Discuss how punctuation and context affect tone and expression.
• Read the passage with different emotions, and encourage students to mimic your expression.
  

Step 8: Audio Support

• Provide an audio recording of the passage being read fluently.
• Have students listen while following along, helping them internalize proper pacing and intonation.
  

Step 9: Echo Reading

• Read a sentence or short section of the passage aloud, and then have students repeat it.
• Gradually increase the length of the sections they echo read.
  

Step 10: Timed Reading

• Set a timer for a short duration (e.g., 1-2minutes).
• Have students read the passage aloud as smoothlyas possible within the time limit.
  

Step 11: Feedback and Reflection

• Provide constructive feedback, focusing on progress and areas for improvement.
• Encourage students to reflect on their reading and set personal goals.
  

Step 12: Performance

• Have students read the passage aloud to the class, a small group, or even record themselves.
• Celebrate their achievements and improvements in fluency.
  

Step 13: Extension Activities

• Have students create their own versions of the passage, using similar vocabulary and sentence structures.
• Encourage them to practice fluency with other appropriate passages of interest.
  

Conclusion

Consistency and practice are key. This approach gradually builds fluency skills by combining modeling, repetition, feedback, and engagement. Engaging in brain-based learning techniques offers a multitude of benefits for children aged 6-8. These methods enhance attention, strengthen neural connections, boost self-confidence, aid in emotional regulation, improve long-term memory retention, and increase motivation to learn. We want educators and parents to learning and apply these principles, educators and parents can create a conducive environment for the holistic development of children's cognitive and emotional skills. Always create a positive and encouraging learning environment to foster confidence in young readers.

References:

Binks-Cantrell, E., Joshi, R. M., & Washburn, E. K.(2012). Kindergarten fluency: What do we know? Reading Psychology, 33(2), 148-172.

National Reading Panel. (2000). Report of the NationalReading Panel: Teaching children to read: An evidence-based assessment of the scientific research literature on reading and its implications for reading instruction. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.

Wass, S. (2018).Distortions and disconnections: Disrupted brain connectivity in autism. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 12, 402.

National Scientific Council on the Developing Child. (2007). The Timing and Quality of Early Experiences Combine to Shape Brain Architecture: Working Paper No. 5.

American Psychological Association (APA). (2020). Self-Efficacy and Self-Regulation.
American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). (2016). The Power of Mindfulness: Health Benefits of Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Children and Adolescents.
Bjork, E. L., &Bjork, R. A. (2014). Making things hard on yourself, but in a good way: Creating desirable difficulties to enhance learning. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 18(6), 228-234.
Gallagher, D. J.,Hilsenroth, M. J., Thompson, A. L., Cumming, G. F., & Exner, J. E. (2003). Relationship between personality style and the endorsement of psychotherapy beliefs. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 59(4), 393-413.

Frequently asked Questions

1. What is brain-based learning, and why is it important for young readers?
Brain-based learning is an approach that aligns teaching methods with how our brains naturally learn. It's important because it helps children learn more effectively and retain information better.

2. How does the step-by-step method work in nurturing fluency?

The step-by-step method by LPKReading Literacy breaks down the process of learning to read fluently into manageable stages, making it easier for young learners to grasp and progress. The Reading Fluency Course will be coming out soon.

3. What specific strategies are used in this approach to enhance fluency?

This approach incorporates activities like reading aloud, word games, and engaging stories to help children develop fluency skills while having fun.

4. Is this method suitable for all 6-8-year-olds, including those with varying learning abilities?

Yes, it can be adapted to meet the needs of diverse learners. Teachers and parents can customize the approach to support individual strengths and challenges.

5. How can I monitor my child's progress in fluency using this method?
You can observe improvements in your child's reading, such as smoother and more expressive reading. Additionally, teachers can provide feedback and assessments.

6. What resources are available for parents who want to support their child's fluency development at home?

You can find books, games, short passages and online resources that align with this method to reinforce learning outside of school.

7. Is it necessary to have a background in neuroscience to implement brain-based learning?

No, you don'tneed to be a neuroscience expert. The key is to understand the basic principles and how they apply to teaching and learning.

8. Can teachers and parents work together to implement this method effectively?
Absolutely! Collaboration between teachers and parents can enhance the learning experience and provide consistency in supporting fluency development.

9. Are there any recommended age-appropriate books or materials that complement this approach?
Yes, there are many age-appropriate books and educational materials designed to align with brain-based learning and fluency development. Check out our store for upcoming resources and discounts.

10. How can we ensure that children not only become fluentreaders but also develop a love for reading through this method?
Encouraging apositive and enjoyable reading experience is vital. Choose engaging books, provide praise and encouragement, and make reading a pleasurable daily activity to foster a love for reading alongside fluency growth.